What is the Interactive Periodic Table?

The Interactive Periodic Table is a free, modern web application that displays all 118 elements with detailed properties, 3D Bohr model visualizations, crystal structure renderings, and text-to-speech pronunciation. It works on desktop, tablet, and mobile devices.

What information is available for each element?

Each element page includes atomic number, atomic mass, electron configuration, physical properties (density, melting and boiling points, state of matter), chemical properties (electronegativity, ionization energy, electron affinity), an interactive 3D Bohr model, 3D crystal structure, and an AI-generated educational summary.

Can I use this periodic table for teaching?

Yes. The Interactive Periodic Table includes a full-screen mode designed for projectors and classroom presentations. All content is educational and completely free to use without registration.

Does it work on mobile devices?

Yes. The web app is fully responsive and also available as native iOS and Android apps that can be downloaded from the app stores.

What are the 3D visualizations?

Each element features an interactive 3D Bohr model showing electron shells orbiting the nucleus, and a 3D crystal structure rendering showing the element's atomic arrangement. Both are powered by Three.js and React Three Fiber.

Is this periodic table free?

Yes, the Interactive Periodic Table is completely free with no registration, no ads, and no data collection required.

How many elements are included?

All 118 confirmed elements from Hydrogen (H, atomic number 1) through Oganesson (Og, atomic number 118) are included with full data and visualizations.

Can I hear how element names are pronounced?

Yes. The text-to-speech feature allows you to hear the correct pronunciation of any element name. This works on both the web version and native mobile apps.

Bromine (Br)

Atomic Number	35
Atomic Mass	79.904 u
Category	Diatomic nonmetal
Electron Config	[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁵
Appearance	reddish-brown liquid
Density (STP)	3120 g/L
Melting Point	265.8 K
Boiling Point	332 K
Electronegativity	2.96 (Pauling)
Ionization Energy	1139.9 kJ/mol
Atomic Radius	115 pm
Crystal Structure	Base Orthorhombic
Discovered By	Antoine Jérôme Balard (1826)

Brief Introduction

Bromine (Br) is a heavy, volatile, mobile, reddish-brown liquid at room temperature with a strong, disagreeable odor. It is one of only two elements that are liquid at standard conditions (the other being mercury). Key details about Bromine (Br) are as follows:

Uses: Used in flame retardants (though many brominated compounds are being phased out), agricultural fumigants and pesticides, water treatment and sanitization (bromine tablets for pools), oil and gas drilling fluids, pharmaceuticals, and in photographic film. Historically used in leaded gasoline (ethylene dibromide, now banned).

Production/Extraction: Extracted from brine (seawater, salt lakes, underground brines) through oxidation and distillation. Major producers include the United States, Israel (Dead Sea), and China. The Dead Sea and Arkansas brine wells are major sources.

History: Discovered independently by Antoine Jérôme Balard (1826) and Carl Jacob Löwig (1825). Balard published first and gets credit. Named from Greek "bromos" (stench) due to its strong, unpleasant odor.

Health Effects & Safety: Highly corrosive and toxic. Bromine vapor irritates eyes, respiratory system, and skin. Liquid bromine causes severe chemical burns. Some brominated compounds are neurotoxic or endocrine disruptors. Bromide ions were historically used as sedatives but can cause bromism (toxicity).

Price/Market: Price influenced by flame retardant regulations and agricultural demand. Environmental concerns about persistent brominated compounds affect market. Dead Sea production is economically significant for Israel.

Properties: Only nonmetallic element liquid at room temperature, high density for a nonmetal, readily evaporates (volatile), strong oxidizing agent, reacts with many elements, reddish-brown color in both liquid and vapor forms, and highly corrosive.

← Selenium (Se) · Krypton (Kr) →

Periodic Table