Curium (Cm)
| Atomic Number | 96 |
|---|---|
| Atomic Mass | 247 u |
| Category | Actinide |
| Electron Config | [Rn] 5f⁷ 6d¹ 7s² |
| Appearance | silvery metallic, glows purple in the dark |
| Density (STP) | 13510 g/L |
| Melting Point | 1613 K |
| Boiling Point | 3383 K |
| Electronegativity | 1.28 (Pauling) |
| Ionization Energy | 581 kJ/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 174 pm |
| Crystal Structure | Simple Hexagonal |
| Discovered By | Glenn T. Seaborg (1944) |
Brief Introduction
Curium (Cm) is a hard, dense, silvery radioactive actinide metal that glows purple in the dark due to its intense radioactivity. Key details about Curium (Cm) are as follows:
Uses: Used in alpha particle X-ray spectrometers for analyzing rock composition (Mars rovers). Cm-244 is used as a power source in radioisotope thermoelectric generators for remote locations and space applications.
Production/Extraction: Produced by bombarding plutonium or americium with neutrons in nuclear reactors. Extremely difficult and expensive to produce in significant quantities.
History: Discovered in 1944 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, and Albert Ghiorso at UC Berkeley. Named after Marie and Pierre Curie in recognition of their pioneering work on radioactivity.
Health Effects & Safety: Highly radioactive and dangerous. Strong alpha emitter. Extremely hazardous if inhaled or ingested. Requires remote handling and heavy shielding.
Price/Market: Not commercially available. Produced only for specific scientific and space applications at great expense.
Properties: Radioactive, silvery metallic appearance, glows purple in the dark, very dense, most stable isotope Cm-247 has half-life of 15.6 million years (but Cm-244 is more commonly used), melting point around 1345°C.
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