Tantalum (Ta)
| Atomic Number | 73 |
|---|---|
| Atomic Mass | 180.947882 u |
| Category | Transition metal |
| Electron Config | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d³ 6s² |
| Appearance | gray blue |
| Density (STP) | 16650 g/L |
| Melting Point | 3290 K |
| Boiling Point | 5731 K |
| Electronegativity | 1.5 (Pauling) |
| Ionization Energy | 761 kJ/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 145 pm |
| Crystal Structure | Body-centered Cubic |
| Discovered By | Anders Gustaf Ekeberg (1802) |
Brief Introduction
Tantalum (Ta) is a hard, blue-gray, lustrous transition metal that is highly corrosion-resistant and has one of the highest melting points of all elements. It is ductile and can be drawn into fine wire. Key details about Tantalum (Ta) are as follows:
Uses: Primarily used in capacitors for electronics (smartphones, computers, automotive electronics), superalloys for jet engines and rockets, chemical processing equipment (corrosion resistance), surgical implants and bone repair (biocompatible), sputtering targets for semiconductors, and as a filament material in some light bulbs.
Production/Extraction: Extracted from tantalite ore, often found alongside niobium deposits. Major producers include Brazil, Australia, and Rwanda. Extraction is complex due to the need to separate it from chemically similar niobium.
History: Discovered in 1802 by Anders Ekeberg in Sweden. It was named after Tantalus from Greek mythology, who was punished by having to stand in water that receded when he tried to drink—symbolizing the metal's resistance to acids.
Health Effects & Safety: Tantalum metal is considered biologically inert and is biocompatible, making it safe for medical implants. However, tantalum dust can be irritating to the respiratory tract and eyes.
Price/Market: A high-value metal due to its critical role in electronics and aerospace. Prices can fluctuate based on supply chain stability and demand from the tech industry.
Properties: It has an extremely high melting point (3017°C), second only to tungsten among metals. It is highly ductile and can be worked into very thin foils. It forms a stable, insulating oxide layer that makes it resistant to corrosion.
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