What is the Interactive Periodic Table?

The Interactive Periodic Table is a free, modern web application that displays all 118 elements with detailed properties, 3D Bohr model visualizations, crystal structure renderings, and text-to-speech pronunciation. It works on desktop, tablet, and mobile devices.

What information is available for each element?

Each element page includes atomic number, atomic mass, electron configuration, physical properties (density, melting and boiling points, state of matter), chemical properties (electronegativity, ionization energy, electron affinity), an interactive 3D Bohr model, 3D crystal structure, and an AI-generated educational summary.

Can I use this periodic table for teaching?

Yes. The Interactive Periodic Table includes a full-screen mode designed for projectors and classroom presentations. All content is educational and completely free to use without registration.

Does it work on mobile devices?

Yes. The web app is fully responsive and also available as native iOS and Android apps that can be downloaded from the app stores.

What are the 3D visualizations?

Each element features an interactive 3D Bohr model showing electron shells orbiting the nucleus, and a 3D crystal structure rendering showing the element's atomic arrangement. Both are powered by Three.js and React Three Fiber.

Is this periodic table free?

Yes, the Interactive Periodic Table is completely free with no registration, no ads, and no data collection required.

How many elements are included?

All 118 confirmed elements from Hydrogen (H, atomic number 1) through Oganesson (Og, atomic number 118) are included with full data and visualizations.

Can I hear how element names are pronounced?

Yes. The text-to-speech feature allows you to hear the correct pronunciation of any element name. This works on both the web version and native mobile apps.

Chromium (Cr)

Atomic Number	24
Atomic Mass	51.99616 u
Category	Transition metal
Electron Config	[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹
Appearance	silvery metallic
Density (STP)	7190 g/L
Melting Point	2180 K
Boiling Point	2944 K
Electronegativity	1.66 (Pauling)
Ionization Energy	652.9 kJ/mol
Atomic Radius	140 pm
Crystal Structure	Body-centered Cubic
Discovered By	Louis Nicolas Vauquelin (1797)

Brief Introduction

Chromium (Cr) is a hard, lustrous, steel-gray transition metal that takes a high polish and is highly resistant to tarnishing and corrosion. It is the hardest metal element. Key details about Chromium (Cr) are as follows:

Uses: Primarily used in stainless steel (corrosion resistance), chrome plating (decorative and protective coatings), pigments (chrome yellow, chrome green), leather tanning (chromium salts), refractory materials, and in superalloys for high-temperature applications.

Production/Extraction: Extracted from chromite ore (FeCr₂O₄) through smelting to produce ferrochromium, or through reduction processes for pure chromium. South Africa, Kazakhstan, and India hold major reserves and production capacity.

History: Discovered in 1797 by Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin in a mineral sample from Siberia (Siberian red lead, later named crocoite). Named from Greek "chroma" meaning "color" due to the many colorful compounds chromium forms.

Health Effects & Safety: Trivalent chromium (Cr³⁺) is an essential trace nutrient involved in glucose metabolism. Hexavalent chromium (Cr⁶⁺) is highly toxic, carcinogenic, and a serious environmental hazard (famously depicted in "Erin Brockovich"). Industrial exposure requires strict safety controls.

Price/Market: Ferrochromium prices tied to stainless steel production. Supply concentrated in a few countries creates geopolitical concerns. Environmental regulations impact chromium processing industries.

Properties: Extremely hard and brittle, resists tarnishing and corrosion, exhibits multiple oxidation states (+2 to +6), forms colorful compounds, high melting point (1907°C), and passivates (forms protective oxide layer) rapidly.

← Vanadium (V) · Manganese (Mn) →

Periodic Table