What is the Interactive Periodic Table?

The Interactive Periodic Table is a free, modern web application that displays all 118 elements with detailed properties, 3D Bohr model visualizations, crystal structure renderings, and text-to-speech pronunciation. It works on desktop, tablet, and mobile devices.

What information is available for each element?

Each element page includes atomic number, atomic mass, electron configuration, physical properties (density, melting and boiling points, state of matter), chemical properties (electronegativity, ionization energy, electron affinity), an interactive 3D Bohr model, 3D crystal structure, and an AI-generated educational summary.

Can I use this periodic table for teaching?

Yes. The Interactive Periodic Table includes a full-screen mode designed for projectors and classroom presentations. All content is educational and completely free to use without registration.

Does it work on mobile devices?

Yes. The web app is fully responsive and also available as native iOS and Android apps that can be downloaded from the app stores.

What are the 3D visualizations?

Each element features an interactive 3D Bohr model showing electron shells orbiting the nucleus, and a 3D crystal structure rendering showing the element's atomic arrangement. Both are powered by Three.js and React Three Fiber.

Is this periodic table free?

Yes, the Interactive Periodic Table is completely free with no registration, no ads, and no data collection required.

How many elements are included?

All 118 confirmed elements from Hydrogen (H, atomic number 1) through Oganesson (Og, atomic number 118) are included with full data and visualizations.

Can I hear how element names are pronounced?

Yes. The text-to-speech feature allows you to hear the correct pronunciation of any element name. This works on both the web version and native mobile apps.

Sulfur (S)

Atomic Number	16
Atomic Mass	32.06 u
Category	Polyatomic nonmetal
Electron Config	[Ne] 3s² 3p⁴
Appearance	lemon yellow sintered microcrystals
Density (STP)	1960 g/L
Melting Point	388.36 K
Boiling Point	717.8 K
Electronegativity	2.58 (Pauling)
Ionization Energy	999.6 kJ/mol
Atomic Radius	100 pm
Crystal Structure	Face-centered Orthorhombic
Discovered By	Ancient China (-500)

Brief Introduction

Sulfur (S) is a bright yellow, brittle nonmetal that is essential for life and has been known since ancient times. It exists in multiple allotropic forms and is found both free in nature and in many minerals. Key details about Sulfur (S) are as follows:

Uses: Primarily used to produce sulfuric acid (the most widely produced chemical), in fertilizers, petroleum refining (removing sulfur from fuels), vulcanization of rubber, gunpowder, matches, fungicides, and in the paper industry. Also used in pharmaceuticals and detergents.

Production/Extraction: Extracted from underground deposits via the Frasch process (using superheated water), recovered from natural gas and petroleum refining (removing H₂S), and mined from volcanic regions. Major producers include the U.S., Russia, and Canada.

History: Known since prehistoric times; mentioned in ancient texts including the Bible (as "brimstone"). Used in ancient rituals, fumigation, bleaching, and medicine. Recognized as an element by Antoine Lavoisier in 1777.

Health Effects & Safety: Elemental sulfur has low toxicity and is used in traditional medicine and skin treatments. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is a toxic irritant and major air pollutant causing acid rain. Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is extremely toxic and flammable. Sulfur is essential for amino acids (cysteine, methionine) and proteins.

Price/Market: Price influenced by petroleum refining activity (recovered sulfur is a byproduct). Oversupply in recent years has depressed prices. Essential for global agriculture through sulfuric acid and phosphate fertilizers.

Properties: Bright yellow in most forms, exists in multiple allotropes (rhombic, monoclinic, plastic), poor conductor of heat and electricity, forms long-chain molecules when melted, burns with a blue flame producing SO₂, and exhibits multiple oxidation states.

← Phosphorus (P) · Chlorine (Cl) →

Periodic Table